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| faq_su 2017-05-03 | faq_su 2024-09-09 (current) | ||
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| None of the protocols ([[sftp|SFTP]], [[ftp|FTP]] and [[scp|SCP]]) supported by WinSCP allow the user to be changed in the middle of file transfer session. You need to start the session with the correct user. | None of the protocols ([[sftp|SFTP]], [[ftp|FTP]] and [[scp|SCP]]) supported by WinSCP allow the user to be changed in the middle of file transfer session. You need to start the session with the correct user. | ||
| - | ===== AnyUser_Login ===== | + | ===== Direct Login ===== |
| + | Easiest way is to allow direct login with the user account you need, if it is not allowed already. For accounts such as ''root'', the direct login is typically disabled by default for security reasons. So when enabling it, have security in mind. | ||
| - | Particularly with SSH, (the most likely one) use e.g. instead. With OpenSSH server, you can do that by setting ''[[http://man.openbsd.org/]]'' keyword ''PermitRootLogin'' to ''without-password'' | + | Particularly with SSH, you may want to keep password authentication (the most vulnerable one) disabled and use e.g. [[public_key|public key authentication]] instead. With OpenSSH server, you can do that by setting ''[[https://man.openbsd.org/sshd_config|sshd_config]]'' keyword ''PermitRootLogin'' to ''without-password''.((Even more restrictive option ''forced-commands-only'' may work with SFTP protocol, but it has not been tested.)) |
| ===== [[sudo]] Use sudo on Login ===== | ===== [[sudo]] Use sudo on Login ===== | ||
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| The [[scp|SFTP]] and [[scp|SCP]] protocols allow for this, but the actual method is platform dependent. | The [[scp|SFTP]] and [[scp|SCP]] protocols allow for this, but the actual method is platform dependent. | ||
| - | With SFTP protocol, you can use //[[ui_login_sftp#protocol_options|SFTP server]]// option on //SFTP page// of Advanced Site Settings dialog to execute SFTP binary under a different user. With OpenSSH server, you can specify: | + | * With SFTP protocol, you can use //[[ui_login_sftp#protocol_options|SFTP server]]// option on //SFTP page// of Advanced Site Settings dialog to execute SFTP binary under a different user. With OpenSSH server, you can specify: \\ <code> |
| + | sudo /bin/sftp-server | ||
| + | </code> Note that SFTP server binary may be located elsewhere((You can see path to SFTP binary in ''Subsystem sftp'' clause in ''/etc/ssh/sshd_config'', unless keyword ''internal-sftp'' is used instead of a path. You may also use ''whereis sftp-server'' command to locate the binary.)) (e.g. in ''/usr/lib/sftp-server'', ''/usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server'' or ''/usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server''). | ||
| - | sudo /bin/sftp-server | + | * With SCP protocol, you can specify the following command as custom shell on the //[[ui_login_scp#shell|SCP/Shell page]]// of Advanced Site Settings dialog: \\ <code> |
| - | + | sudo -s | |
| - | Note that SFTP server binary may be located elsewhere((You can see path to SFTP binary in ''Subsystem sftp'' clause in ''/etc/ssh/sshd_config'', unless keyword ''internal-sftp'' is used instead of a path.)) (e.g. in ''/usr/lib/sftp-server'', ''/usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server'' or ''/usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server''). | + | </code> |
| - | + | ||
| - | With SCP protocol, you can specify following command as custom shell on the //[[ui_login_scp#shell|SCP/Shell page]]// of Advanced Site Settings dialog: | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ··sudo -s | + | |
| However you will not be able to provide a password for ''su'' (see [[remote_command#limitations|remote command execution limitations]]). So you may be able to do the above only if you are allowed to do ''sudo su'' without being prompted with password. See ''[[&man_ref(8,sudo)|sudo]]'' documentation to learn how to do that. For example you can add following line to ''[[&man_ref(5,sudoers)|sudoers]]'' file (''/etc/sudoers''): | However you will not be able to provide a password for ''su'' (see [[remote_command#limitations|remote command execution limitations]]). So you may be able to do the above only if you are allowed to do ''sudo su'' without being prompted with password. See ''[[&man_ref(8,sudo)|sudo]]'' documentation to learn how to do that. For example you can add following line to ''[[&man_ref(5,sudoers)|sudoers]]'' file (''/etc/sudoers''): | ||
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| Note that as WinSCP cannot implement terminal emulation, you need to have ''sudoers'' option ''requiretty'' turned off (which is default). | Note that as WinSCP cannot implement terminal emulation, you need to have ''sudoers'' option ''requiretty'' turned off (which is default). | ||
| + | |||