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| 2013-11-24 | 2014-10-01 | ||
| grammar (martin) | improving article + adding info on active/passive mode (martin) | ||
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| + | ~~NOTOC~~ | ||
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| ====== FTP (File Transfer Protocol) ====== | ====== FTP (File Transfer Protocol) ====== | ||
| - | FTP, being the oldest of the file transfer protocols supported by WinSCP, is most widespread transfer protocol of nowadays. In its basic form it is inherently insecure, sending all data (including passwords) unencrypted. There is also secure variant ([[ftps|FTP over TLS/SSL]]). FTP is functionally inferior to [[sftp|SFTP]]. Also it is less platform independent than later versions of SFTP, mainly in respect to directory listing. | + | The File Transfer Protocol (%%FTP%%) is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management functionalities. |
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| + | %%FTP%% is built on a client-server architecture and uses separate control and data connections between the client and the server. %%FTP%% users may authenticate themselves using a clear-text sign-in protocol, normally in the form of a username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the content, %%FTP%% is often secured with [[ftps|SSL/TLS (FTPS)]]. ((&wikipedia_ref(File_Transfer_Protocol|File Transfer Protocol))) | ||
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| + | ===== [[mode]] Active and Passive Mode ===== | ||
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| + | %%FTP%% may run in active or passive mode, which determines how the data connection is established. In both cases, the client creates a TCP control connection to the %%FTP%% server command port 21. In active modes, the client starts listening for incoming data connections on random port from the server (the client sends the %%FTP%% command ''PORT'' to inform the server on which port it is listening). In situations where the client is behind a firewall and unable to accept incoming %%TCP%% connections, passive mode may be used. In this mode, the client uses the control connection to send a ''PASV'' command to the server and then receives a server %%IP%% address and server port number from the server, which the client then uses to open a data connection from an arbitrary client port to the server %%IP%% address and server port number received. | ||
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| + | You can select between the active and passive mode on //[[ui_login_connection|Connection page]]// of Advanced site settings dialog. | ||
| - | See also [[ftp_codes|FTP server response codes]]. | + | ===== FTP Server Response Codes ===== |
| + | See [[ftp_codes|FTP server response codes]]. | ||