Differences
This shows you the differences between the selected revisions of the page.
| ui_login_authentication 2021-12-06 | ui_login_authentication 2024-09-20 (current) | ||
| Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
| WinSCP leaves this option enabled by default, but supplies a switch to turn it off in case you should have trouble with it. If your server uses keyboard-interactive authentication to ask for your password only, and you wish to allow WinSCP to reply with password entered on [[ui_login|Login dialog]], tick //Respond with password to the first prompt//. | WinSCP leaves this option enabled by default, but supplies a switch to turn it off in case you should have trouble with it. If your server uses keyboard-interactive authentication to ask for your password only, and you wish to allow WinSCP to reply with password entered on [[ui_login|Login dialog]], tick //Respond with password to the first prompt//. | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==== Attempt TIS or CryptoCard authentication ==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | TIS and CryptoCard authentication are (despite their names) generic forms of simple challenge/response authentication available in SSH-1 only. You might use them if you were using S/Key one-time passwords, for example, or if you had a physical security token that generated responses to authentication challenges. They can even be used to prompt for simple passwords. | ||
| - | |||
| - | With this switch enabled, WinSCP will attempt these forms of authentication if the server is willing to try them. You will be [[ui_authenticate#keyboard_interactive|presented with a challenge string]] (which may be different every time) and must supply the correct response in order to log in. If your server supports this, you should talk to your system administrator about precisely what form these challenges and responses take. ((&puttydoccite)) | ||
| - | |||
| - | You must select %%SSH-1%% as a //[[ui_login_ssh|Preferred SSH protocol version]]// to enable this option. | ||
| - | |||
| - | //The SSH-1 support has been removed in the latest beta version.// &beta | ||
| ===== Authentication Parameters ===== | ===== Authentication Parameters ===== | ||
| Line 60: | Line 50: | ||
| The passphrase cannot be entered in advance in session settings and thus it cannot be saved to [[session_configuration#site|site]]. If you need to login to server automatically without prompt, generate a key without passphrase. Use this method carefully and only under special circumstances. | The passphrase cannot be entered in advance in session settings and thus it cannot be saved to [[session_configuration#site|site]]. If you need to login to server automatically without prompt, generate a key without passphrase. Use this method carefully and only under special circumstances. | ||
| - | If you select a key file in a different format (OpenSSH or ssh.com), WinSCP will offer you to convert the key to PuTTY format. | + | If you select a key file in a different format (OpenSSH or ssh.com), WinSCP will offer you to ==convert== the key to PuTTY format. If certificate file with the same name((but ''-cert.pub'' or ''.pub-aadcert.pub'' //(latest beta only)// &beta suffixes.)) is found, it will be automatically added to the converted key file. |
| === [[private_key_tools]] Private Key Tools === | === [[private_key_tools]] Private Key Tools === | ||
| Line 70: | Line 60: | ||
| Use the command //Tools > Install Public Key into Server// to [[guide_public_key#configure_openssh|install a public key into OpenSSH server]]. You will be prompted to select key pair to install. You will need to authenticate to the server to install the key. You can authenticate using a password or using another key (select it in //Private key file// box). After installing succeeds, the new private key will be inserted into the //Private key file// box. | Use the command //Tools > Install Public Key into Server// to [[guide_public_key#configure_openssh|install a public key into OpenSSH server]]. You will be prompted to select key pair to install. You will need to authenticate to the server to install the key. You can authenticate using a password or using another key (select it in //Private key file// box). After installing succeeds, the new private key will be inserted into the //Private key file// box. | ||
| + | ==== [[certificate]] Certificate to use with the private key ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | In some environments, user authentication keys can be signed in turn by a certifying authority (CA for short), and user accounts on an SSH server can be configured to automatically trust any key that's certified by the right signature. This is optional. If you don't know you need it, you can leave this blank. | ||
| + | |||
| + | This can be a convenient setup if you have a very large number of servers. When you change your key pair, you might otherwise have to [[guide_public_key#configure_openssh|edit the ''authorized_keys'' file]] (in case of OpenSSH) on every server individually, to make them all accept the new key. But if instead you configure all those servers once to accept keys signed as yours by a CA, then when you change your public key, all you have to do is to get the new key certified by the same CA as before, and then all your servers will automatically accept it without needing individual reconfiguration. | ||
| + | |||
| + | One way to use a certificate is to incorporate it into your private key file. You can [[ui_puttygen#certificate|do that using PuTTYgen]]. But another approach is to tell WinSCP itself where to find the public certificate file, and then it will automatically present that certificate when authenticating with the corresponding private key. | ||
| + | |||
| + | To do this, enter the pathname of the certificate file into the //Certificate to use with the private key// file selector. | ||
| + | |||
| + | When this setting is configured, WinSCP will honour it no matter whether the private key is found in a file, or loaded into Pageant.((&puttydoccite)) | ||
| ===== [[gssapi]] GSSAPI ===== | ===== [[gssapi]] GSSAPI ===== | ||
| Line 76: | Line 77: | ||
| The GSSAPI authentication is a mechanism which delegates the authentication exchange to a library elsewhere on the client machine, which in principle can authenticate in many different ways but in practice is usually used with the Kerberos single sign-on protocol to implement passwordless login. | The GSSAPI authentication is a mechanism which delegates the authentication exchange to a library elsewhere on the client machine, which in principle can authenticate in many different ways but in practice is usually used with the Kerberos single sign-on protocol to implement passwordless login. | ||
| - | |||
| - | %%GSSAPI%% authentication is only available in the SSH-2 protocol. | ||
| WinSCP supports two forms of GSSAPI-based authentication. In one of them, the SSH key exchange happens in the normal way, and GSSAPI is only involved in authenticating the user. The checkbox labelled //Attempt GSSAPI authentication// controls this form. | WinSCP supports two forms of GSSAPI-based authentication. In one of them, the SSH key exchange happens in the normal way, and GSSAPI is only involved in authenticating the user. The checkbox labelled //Attempt GSSAPI authentication// controls this form. | ||