Connection broken during handshake – remote server stops to reply

Hello,

My name is Wojciech, I would be very grateful if you could help me troubleshoot this problem.

I've been trying to connect to SFTP server. The connection works on all the computers, that I could check except for one.

On this one server I keep getting timeouts during the handshake. On other computers the "We claim version..." is followed by "Remote version: SSH-2.0-7.9.0.0_openssh GlobalSCAPE" and everything is ok.
But here I get some additional communication which ends up with a timeout.

The ports are open, the firewall does not cause any trouble, tracert looks good. FileZilla has the same problem.

It looks like remote is breaking the connection, but what could be a reason for that? All connection parameters are the same as on other machines.
I don't have access to to SFTP server logs.

Here is what WinSCP is telling me:
Do you have any ideas?

Please post complete logs both from the machine, where it works and where it does not.

Thanks a lot for your response. I'm attaching a file with the logs from the PC where it works. It contains also the part after I'm asked for password - I do not reach this point on the non-working machine.

And here is the log file from where it does not work.

Sorry, I didn't find anything useful in the logs. Are you able to check if the connection even reached the server end?

Thank you for taking time to check. Yes I do see, using the network monitor, that the server replies initially, but then suddenly stops. I think will have to attempt to contact the team that manages the SFTP to access the SFTP logs.